Explain why people with diabetes expereince the following symptoms...?

[DavisK]

low energy, large volumes of urine, the presence of acetone on the breath, and acidosis (blood pH becomes acidic)?

[micksmixxx265]

Low energy = the body is, literally, starving. Either insulin is not being produced by the pancreas (type 1 diabetes mellitus) or the insulin that is being produced can't be used due to insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes mellitus).

Large volume of urine = the body is attempting to get rid of the excess sugar (glucose) in the bloodstream. It does this in two major ways (if you discount exercise, which causes the muscle tissue to use the glucose as a source of fuel for making energy), by either passing large volumes of urine, or by you vomiting.

Presence of acetone on the breath = Acetone is one of the ketones, a by-product from improper fat metabolism. This comes about because the body is incapable of using the glucose from the bloodstream to create energy. The body attempts to thrive (stay alive), hence the breakdown of fatty tissues as a secondary source of energy.

Acidosis = This comes about due, again, to the improper breakdown of fatty tissues.

I'm sorry, but I don't know the science of why the blood becomes acidic due to acidosis.